Tuesday, 6 October 2015

WILDERNESS HIKING GEAR

Quathlamba
“A mass of Spears. Named thus by the Zulu warriors before the white man came. Today called the Drakensberg, Mountains of the Dragon, a name given by the Voortrekkers. Evocative names, both equally applicable to South Africa’s mightiest mountain range with its spear-like peaks – reminiscent of the saw-toothed spine of a gigantic dragon.”
Panorama April 1966



This blog is all about the Drakensberg Mountains and its Wilderness area, South Africa. I have lost my heart and soul to this area and every single time I hike these mountains, I stand in awe all over again at this magnificent beauty.

"How often in the course of our travels through Kwazulu-Natal do we stop and gaze at the beauty of a distant range of mountains? The Drakensberg stands as a monument to one of the greatest cataclysms the Earth has experienced. As you approach the mountains, you realize why early Zulus called it "Quathlamba", meaning “Barrier of Up-pointed Spears". A cradle of rivers. Listen to the streams as they gurgle from their cradles and you will hear the story of the mountains. You will hear fascinating tales if only you listen! Lie next to a stream and listen to the song of the mountains. The smiling faces of the flowers, dancing in the wind. Venture into the remote valleys or stand on a peak at sunrise or sunset, after snow has fallen, and you will hear a song that you will never forget - the Song of the High Mountain". (DA Dodds)

Hiking adventures, hiking gear reviews, day walks, accommodation, books, articles and photos, all related to these magnificent mountains will feature here.

Should you want to accompany me on a hike or need some information or advice, please make contact with me. I hope you enjoy the articles.

Please visit the archive for some more interesting stories, photos and reviews.


Available in the Archive (Do read it!)
1) Injasuthi to Lotheni - Epic 6 Day Hike
2) Review: Hi-Tec Altitude Pro RGS Hiking Boots
3) Drakensberg Wilderness Hiking - 14 Day Hiking trip - Lotheni Reserve (Part 3)
4) Lotheni - 14 Day Hiking Trip (Part 2)
5) Lotheni - 14 Day Hiking Trip (Part 3)
6) The Bushmen of the Drakensberg
7) Thunderstorms in the Drakensberg Mountains
8)  Before setting out on a hike………..
9)  Cathkin Peak – Drakensberg
10) Why backpack and multi-day hiking
11) Safety in the Drakensberg
12) In the Shadow of Cathedral Peak
13) Injasuthi – ‘well fed dog’
14) Lotheni Reserve
15) Garmin eTrex 10 & 20 Specs and Review
16) The birth of the Drakensberg – The Ancient Rocks
17) Drakensberg Mountains – Rock Art
18) Drakensberg Mountain Reserve Accommodation
19) Drakensberg – Mkhomazi Area – Hikers Paradise
20) Drakensberg – Hiking Kamberg – Highmoor - Kamberg, Exploring the Mooi
       River Valleys
21) Chelmsford Nature Reserve
22) Bushmen Art – Deep in a Mooi River Valley
23) Missing in the Drakensberg Mountains – Dragon’s Wrath
24) Hiking Food and Clothes
25) Wilderness Hiking Gear

Please note that all photos on this blog are copyright protected. If you would like to obtain
Photos please make contact with the author, Willem Pelser.





“wHAT ARE WE DOING OUT THERE IN THAT MOUNTAIN WILDERNESS? LIVING LIFE TO THE FULL HEIGHTENS THE RISK, BUT IT HEIGHTENS THE PASSION TOO. bUT I ALSO WANT TO LIVE.”
W Pelser


WILDERNESS HIKING GEAR

Believe it or not, a well-equipped hiker can carry everything he needs in a backpack with a mass of between one quarter to one third of that of his body. The secret is the ‘light style’. The lighter your gear, the further you can walk. Buy only quality equipment to prevent frustration and unnecessary replacements.





Daypacks
   
  On short walks or guided wilderness trials, you will only need a daypack. Some daypacks have padded backs, which come in handy as you don’t have to concern yourself with packing the bag too carefully. 



Fully equipped multi-day hiking bag

   Daypacks should have one or two easily accessible side pockets and should be large enough to contain all your cold-weather needs and interpretive equipment (maps, cameras, etc.).

   Another consideration when buying a daypack is that it should fit comfortably into your larger backpack. Many hiking trails allow you to reach a hut by lunch time, leaving you the afternoon to ramble or climb to a nearby peak, carrying only your daypack. Many people on mountaineering trips camp in an area and then make day trips from their base. Daypacks are also useful as hand baggage on airlines. Some backpacks are made with a removable, zipped compartment that, when detached, can be worn as a small backpack.

   Kloofing trips require fully waterproof packs. Such a pack can be dropped in a river or pool and will float freely downstream over and under rapids, without any of its contents getting wet. The best way to waterproof a pack is to place all critical items in a heavy-duty, double-seamed plastic bag, twisting the opening and tying it securely with a shoelace. A second bag over the first provides extra protection. Garbage bags, shopping bags and even some sport bags are not strong enough for waterproofing packs. The most reliable bags can be purchased at camping stores. Place the bag inside the major compartment of your backpack. Non-critical equipment (water-bottle, plates, tins, etc.) are carried in side pockets. For ordinary hikes, place all your gear in a waterproof bag inside your backpack and simply fold over the opening. This will ensure dry gear at the end of a rainy hike.

   Bearing all this in mind, if you should ask for a porter to assist you on Malawi’s Mount Mulanje, in the Drakensberg, or elsewhere in Africa, do not be too surprised if he empties the contents of your smartly styled pack into a duffel bag and then proceeds up the mountain carrying it on his head!



Sleeping Gear
   
  The major consideration when buying a sleeping bag should be warmth. If you plan to hike during the winter or in regions with sharp nocturnal drops in temperature, a natural down filling is highly recommended. Down is not only light and warm but also soft, easily compressible and capable of complete recovery after being stuffed into a carrying bag for long periods. Duck, as opposed to goose, down is slightly less efficient, but cheaper. Some manufacturers combine the two to produce a more economical bag. The biggest draw-back of any down is that it will not keep you warm if it gets soaked. It is also allergenic and is becoming increasingly expensive.

   The highest quality man-made fibre-fills, however, have none of these draw-backs and, most importantly, they will keep you warm even when wet. They dry quickly and are easily washed at home and, being less compressible, insulate you better from the ground. On the minus side, they are not as light or compact as down. However, new fillings such as Hollofil have narrowed the gap between synthetics and down considerable in recent years.

   Whichever you choose, make sure your zip fastener is nylon, backed by a ‘draught tube’ filled with down or fibre to keep out the cold. Unless your sleeping bag is only used in warmer temperatures, you should avoid sewn-through constructions, which cause cold spots along stitch lines. If you buy a bag for cold weather but also plan to use it in warm weather, make sure that it has a double zipper so that you can vent the lower end to keep cool.

   Never buy a sleeping bag made of waterproof material. When you sleep you perspire and the resultant condensation will soak you and your bag if it cannot evaporate. The ideal combination is a cotton inner lining with a water-repellent but breathable nylon material used for the outside.

   The shape of the bag is also important. Mummy bags give maximum warmth, and are more compact than standard rectangular bags.

   Mattresses are only really necessary for camping in wilderness areas. Some people carry an air mattress that can double as a lilo, but these are very heavy and puncture easily. If a mattress is required, a thin, closed-cell foam mattress is ideal, being both waterproof and very light.

   A reasonable comfortable pillow can be made by stuffing clothes into the bag used to carry your sleeping bag during the day.

   If you intend hiking in an area where malaria is prevalent, you should invest in a lightweight mosquito net. It makes sense to avoid being bitten by malaria-bearing mosquito's.



Tents
   
   When selecting a tent, look for one with a waterproof floor and roof and a ‘breathing’ ceiling. Until recently, all quality tents were double-skinned, with a ceiling of breathable nylon, having a few centimeters or more below a waterproof flysheet. Body moisture passes through the ceiling, condenses on the impermeable fly and drips off harmlessly on the outside.




There are new waterproof materials available which let out body moisture yet repel rain. These materials are patented as Gortex, Ventex, etc. Single-layer tents are constructed from these materials, the 1-person tent having proved most successful. 



Bivvy Bag

   Today’s lightweight tents come in a multitude of shapes. Any of these shapes are satisfactory if they meet the required specifications. However, dome or half-dome shapes will stand without any pegs or guy ropes, which makes them particularly useful where staking is difficult – on beaches or riverbanks, frozen ground or in snow. Dome designs have flexible poles which tense inside fabric sleeves, pushing outwards on the walls so as to support the tent.




   Other features to look for when buying a tent are tight, preferable double and triple-row stitching, reinforced stress points, mosquito netting for doors, windows and vent openings and nylon zips. A 2-person backpacker’s tent should weigh less than 3 kilogram. Good tents are expensive but can last a lifetime, so don’t compromise on quality.



Stoves
  
  It is impossible to go hiking without a camp-stove if you want to cook food or have hot fluids. The camp-stove is the symbol of the environmentally conscious hiker. In most areas fires are prohibited, either because of depletion of wood supplies, fire danger or simply to prevent unsightly camp fire remains from spoiling the environment. Hence, camp-stoves are necessary for all hikers and mountaineers.

   Like tents, there is a wide range of stoves from which to choose and although selection is largely a matter of personal preference, it is important to know what to look for. Among the aspects to be considered are the type of fuel needed, its availability and price, the stove’s mass, accessories included, such as pots, ease of packing, safety, stability and reliability, boiling speed, cold weather performance, starting and running ease; cleaning, noise and environmental concerns such as disposing of fuel cartridges.

   Fuel, especially its availability in rural areas, is a very important consideration. There are three main types of stoves which can be classified according to the fuel they use: liquid fuel (benzine and paraffin), gas (butane and propane) and alcohol (methylated spirits).

   Benzine stoves rate high on efficiency and fuel economy and work well in low temperatures. Their main disadvantages are the delicate task of refueling and the preheating, which results in a dangerous flare being created. In Africa generally, benzine is not readily available except in the larger towns.

   Paraffin stoves are safer and burn hotter than those run on benzine. Another positive of paraffin is that it is relatively cheap and readily available, making it an excellent choice for groups and expeditions. The ‘cons’ include its smokiness, smell and starting difficulty.

   Butane and propane fuel come in disposable pressurized steel cylinders. These fuels are popular because they are convenient, refueling is simple (either push or screw in the new cylinder) and they start easily. Butane is a poor cold weather fuel because it will not vaporize below 0 degree Celsius; in addition the heat output decreases as the amount of fuel in the cartridge decreases. Propane is a better fuel for cold weather and high altitudes, but is not readily available in southern Africa.

   The main disadvantage of an alcohol stove is that more fuel is needed to produce as much heat as paraffin stoves. However, unlike, most other stove fuels, it is not a petroleum product. The stove is stable, quiet, and reliable and poses no problem in starting or refueling. Alcohol spirit is readily available.
Solid fuel stoves are best kept for emergencies – they have low heating power and less delicate simmering control, but they are safe and relatively impervious to cold.

Compatibility is critical. Observe your friends’ stoves, know the conditions in which you will be hiking and then decide what to buy. Warning: Never use a camp-stove in your tent. They have been known to cause carbon monoxide poisoning, and they can flare up and turn all your petroleum based synthetic equipment into a blazing inferno!


Safe Hiking.





The End.





Willem Pelser – The Mountain Man

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